Decompression procedures aim to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. They may be considered in conditions such as disc herniation, spinal stenosis, cervical myelopathy and nerve compression.
Conditions Where Decompression May Be Considered
In accordance with clinical assessment, decompression may be considered in:
- Disc herniation (lumbar or cervical)
- Spinal stenosis (lumbar or cervical)
- Cervical myelopathy (spinal cord compression)
- Nerve root compression (radiculopathy)
Common Decompression Procedures
Procedures can be performed through open, microscopic or minimally invasive approaches depending on the pathology:
- Microdiscectomy - targeted removal of herniated disc fragment compressing the nerve
- Laminectomy - removal of the lamina to create space in a narrowed spinal canal
- Laminotomy - partial removal of the lamina for targeted nerve decompression
- Foraminotomy - widening of the neural exit foramen
- Endoscopic decompression - camera-assisted nerve release through a tiny portal
- Anterior cervical decompression - for cord or nerve compression from the front of the neck
Not every patient with nerve compression requires surgery. Conservative measures are always considered first, and surgery is recommended when neurological symptoms, weakness, or persistent severe pain indicate its necessity.